有向无环图的多类支持向量机分类算法

为研究基于有向无环图的支持向量机分类算法以及在故障诊断问题中的应用,考虑到有向无环图的结构运算相当于一个表操作,且分类结果依赖于有向无环图中节点的排列顺序,提出一种分类算法,该算法引入基于类分布的类间分离性测度,估计各类训练数据间的分布性质,建立初始操作表单,将样本所有可能的类别按照一定顺序排列在表单中,从而重新组合有...     

Performance and reliability of electrical power grids under cascading failures

The stability and reliability of electrical power grids are indispensable to the continuous operation of modern cities and critical for preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation in emergence management. Because present power grids in China are often running near their critical operation points, they are especially vulnerable and sensitive to external disturbances such as hurricanes, earthquakes and terrorist attacks, which may trigger cascading failures or blackouts. This paper describes a quantitative investigation of the stability and reliability of power grids with a focus on cascading failures under external disturbances. The 118-bus (substation) power network in Hainan, China is employed as a case study to investigate the risk of cascading failure of the regional power grids. System performance and reliability of the power grids are evaluated under two hypothetical scenarios (seismic impact and intentional disturbance) that could trigger cascading failures. By identifying the most vulnerable (critical) edges and nodes, the robustness of the power network is evaluated under the triggered cascading failures. It is found that the system reliabilities could decline as much as 95% during the triggered cascading failure. This paper also explores the use of concepts from modern complex network theories such as state transition graph and characteristic length to understand the complex mechanism of cascading failures. The findings could be useful for power industries and emergency managers to evaluate the vulnerability of power systems, understand the risk of blackout induced by cascading failures, and improve the resilience of power systems to external disturbances.     

模拟电路的键合图模型仿真研究

研究利用键合图模型在Matlab Simulink环境下进行模拟电路仿真,将模拟电路的键合图模型转化为Matlab Simulink中的功能模块后进行仿真,针对仿真过程中由于开关状态切换或电路短路、断路故障造成的键合图能量路径改变的问题,使用键合图因果关系重分配算法在线改变模块内部因果关系,实现模拟电路的实时仿真.     

定性代数和图论方法用于连续系统动态定性趋势分析

Qualitative algebraic equations are the basis of qualitative simulation,which are used to express the dynamic behavior of steady-state continuous processes.When the values and operation of qualitative variables are redefined,qualitative algebraic equations can be transformed into signed direct graphs,which are frequently used to predict the trend of dynamic changes.However,it is difficult to use traditional qualitative algebra methods based on artificial trial and error to solve a complex problem for dynamic trends.An important aspect of modern qualitative algebra is to model and characterize complex systems with the corresponding computer-aided automatic reasoning.In this study,a qualitative affection equation based on multiple conditions is proposed,which enables the signed di-rect graphs to describe complex systems better and improves the fault diagnosis resolution.The application to an industrial case shows that the method performs well.     

混凝土泵车泵送系统缓冲效果仿真研究

为了减小混凝土泵车工作时的液压冲击,分析混凝土泵车泵送系统工作原理,利用功率键合图方法建立某款混凝土泵车泵送系统的仿真模型,在验证模型准确的基础上,对该系统缓冲结构中不同孔径阻尼孔的缓冲效果进行对比仿真.结果表明:缓冲效果与阻尼孔的孔径有直接关系,孔径越大活塞的顶缸速度越小,系统工作时的液压冲击与振动越小,但却增加了换向时间,从而降低了泵送频率,影响了工作效率.在实际设计中应综合考虑这两方面因素,适当地选择阻尼孔的孔径.     

Robust multi‐level partition of unity implicits from triangular meshes

This paper presents a new robust multi‐level partition of unity (MPU) method, which constructs an implicit surface from a triangular mesh via the new error metric between the mesh and the implicit surface. The new error metric employs a weighted function of inner points and vertices of a triangle to fit an implicit surface, which can control the approximation error between the surface and vertices of the triangle. Furthermore, it is applied to the MPU method by utilizing the dual graph of a triangular mesh, and the general quadric implicit surface is used for surface representation. Compared with the MPU method, the new method generates fewer subdivision cells with the same approximation error and performs more steadily especially when given triangular mesh with fewer vertices. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于图论阈值算法的图像分割研究

为了提高阈值分割图像的质量,提出了采用图论阈值算法。首先,构造图论和图像的映射函数关系,每个顶点通过点来映射,每条边通过线来映射。用基于区域属性的图像边缘决策表,不同像素点或不同组像素点之间的灰度特征差作为权重系数,通过基于决策属性权重来构造像素联系图;然后,采用聚类法计算像素到目标类和背景类的相似程度,最小生成树策略解决伪割集问题;最后,给出图像阈值设定以及算法流程。实验仿真表明,本文算法的分割图像效果清晰,消除了图像分割中存在的过合并和欠合并现象,本文算法的信息熵为28.780 3bit,处理时间为1.454 3s。满足分割结果中对执行时间少、信息含量大等要求。     

数控机床多故障诊断专家系统设计

系统以数控机床的数控系统为分析对象,结合某数控公司提供的故障分析手册和积累的案例以及参照该公司故障诊断专家给出的诊断方法,学习其他的专家系统的成功经验,设计了一套数控机床图形化多故障诊断系统.文中介绍了数控机床故障诊断专家系统中的一个故障诊断的方法,它具有多故障诊断的能力,可以图形化辅助诊断过程.开发了一种新的匹配算法,它是由最近相邻算法根据本系统的实际情况而开发的一种新算法.对于多故障诊断,系统采用化多故障为单故障处理的方法.开发了图形化辅助诊断功能,提高了诊断系统的实用性.开发了针对数控机床故障诊断的自学习功能,实现了故障诊断的经验积累.     

基于因子图优化的激光SLAM

为提高基于激光雷达的同步定位和建图(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)精度,提出一种基于因子图的高效率、高精度的激光雷达SLAM框架。采用一种基于滑动窗口的因子图方法,将当前帧进行帧间匹配得到相对位姿,按照一定规则选出关键帧,将关键帧与全局地图进行匹配得到绝对位姿;构建一个因子图,将得到的连续帧之间的相对位姿与关键帧的绝对位姿作为优化因子,机器人的位姿作为状态节点放入因子图中进行位姿优化,得到高频率的机器人位姿以及全局一致的环境地图。结果表明：该算法能够减小误差的累积,具有更高的定位精度。     

Imbalanced fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using autoencoder-based SuperGraph feature learning

Existing fault diagnosis methods usually assume that there are balanced training data for every machine health state. However, the collection of fault signals is very difficult and expensive, resulting in the problem of imbalanced training dataset. It will degrade the performance of fault diagnosis methods significantly. To address this problem, an imbalanced fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using autoencoder-based SuperGraph feature learning is proposed in this paper. Unsupervised autoencoder is firstly used to compress every monitoring signal into a low-dimensional vector as the node attribute in the SuperGraph. And the edge connections in the graph depend on the relationship between signals. On the basis, graph convolution is performed on the constructed SuperGraph to achieve imbalanced training dataset fault diagnosis for rotating machinery. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on a benchmarking publicized dataset and a practical experimental platform, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve rotating machinery fault diagnosis towards imbalanced training dataset through graph feature learning.